Growing Zone 4

Peonies produce enormous fragrant late-spring blooms on a plant that can outlive the gardener, returning larger every year with almost no care.Zone 8a is the warm edge of peony country: they need real winter chill to set buds, so in Clay County choose early-blooming...

Milkweed is the only plant monarch caterpillars can eat, so a few clumps turn a sunny bed into a working monarch nursery.Plant the right natives: butterfly weed (Asclepias tuberosa) for dry, sunny, well-drained spots, and swamp milkweed (Asclepias incarnata) for beds that stay moist...

Joe Pye weed towers at the back of a border with dusty-rose flower domes that swallowtails and monarchs cover through late summer.This big native perennial is the plant for damp, low spots where other perennials sulk, forming a strong upright clump topped with vanilla-scented...

Coreopsis pumps out golden daisies from late spring to frost on a native perennial that shrugs off heat, drought, and poor soil.Also called tickseed, coreopsis is one of the hardest-working perennials for Alabama sun, with threadleaf types like 'Moonbeam' and 'Zagreb' forming airy mounds...

Coral honeysuckle covers a mailbox or fence in scarlet trumpet flowers that hummingbirds visit from spring through frost, without ever taking over.This is our well-behaved native honeysuckle, not the aggressive Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) that smothers Alabama woodlands - coral honeysuckle is a modest...

Catmint blooms lavender-blue for months, thrives on neglect and drought, and bees work it constantly while deer and rabbits leave it alone.Catmint forms a soft gray-green mound that edges beds and walkways beautifully and reblooms strongly if you shear it back by about a...

Blazing star sends up vertical purple wands that bloom top-down in midsummer heat, pulling in monarchs and swallowtails from across the yard.This tough native prairie perennial grows from a corm, handles Alabama drought and clay once established, and returns reliably every year. The stiff...

The real French tarragon - keen anise-vanilla flavor with a faint numbing bite that makes bearnaise, chicken, and vinegar taste like France.This is French tarragon, the sterile clone propagated only from cuttings and divisions - the seed-grown Russian type sold cheaply elsewhere is coarse...

Feathery fronds and crisp anise-sweet stems that lift roasted fish, pork sausage, and citrus salads from spring straight through fall.This is herb fennel, grown for its fronds, pollen, and seed rather than the fat bulb of Florence fennel. It is a strong perennial across...

Strawberries fruit their first season from a small bed or a few containers, and homegrown berries taste nothing like the firm shipping types.In Alabama the traditional method is an annual planting: set June-bearing plants like 'Chandler', 'Camarosa', or 'Sweet Charlie' in the fall, mulch...

Raspberries deliver a delicate, aromatic berry you rarely find fresh in stores, on compact canes that fit a small sunny corner.Be realistic about raspberries in central Alabama: they evolved for cool summers, and our July heat and humidity bring root rot, spider mites, and...

Elderberry gives you creamy summer flower plates, dark berry clusters for syrup and jelly, and a native shrub pollinators and songbirds work all season.American elderberry is a fast, suckering native shrub that tolerates the damp, heavy spots most fruit refuses - ditch edges, creek...

Witch hazel opens spidery yellow flowers in late fall and winter when nothing else is blooming, then turns clear gold each autumn.Witch hazel is a large native shrub or small multi-stemmed tree that flowers on bare or nearly bare branches in the cold months,...

Weigela loads its arching branches with rosy trumpet flowers in late spring, and hummingbirds work it from the first day it opens.Weigela is an easygoing deciduous shrub covered in pink, red, or white tubular flowers in late spring, with many modern varieties reblooming lightly...

Viburnums stack three seasons into one shrub: spring flower clusters, summer berries that feed birds, and reliable fall color or evergreen structure.Viburnum is a large and varied group ranging from fragrant deciduous types to dense evergreen screening shrubs, all of them dependable landscape plants....

Ninebark gives you burgundy, gold, or lime foliage from spring to fall, white flower clusters in May, and peeling winter bark.Ninebark is a native, four-season shrub grown mainly for its colored foliage, with clusters of white or pink flowers in late spring and shredding,...

Clematis climbs a trellis or lamppost and opens saucer-sized flowers in purple, pink, red, or white through the warm months.Clematis is the classic flowering vine, with large single or double blooms held on wiry stems that scramble up any support you give them. The...

Enormous crimson-freckled white and pink trumpets carry a perfume that fills a whole yard at dusk in high summer.Oriental lilies are workable in zone 8a but they are particular: give them sharp drainage on a raised bed or slope, morning sun with afternoon shade,...

Arching stems hang with white bells tipped in green, ringing out over strappy foliage in a long, generous late-winter to spring display.This is the standout bulb on our list for the Deep South and a true Southern heirloom, found thriving around old homeplaces and...

Goblet-shaped lavender-pink flowers erupt from bare ground on leafless stems in early fall, a genuine surprise in the September garden.Colchicum corms bloom within weeks of arrival on naked stems, with the broad strappy foliage following in spring and dying away by early summer. Two...